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TRIS Online Accession Number:00780106
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NTL Classification:NTL-PUBLIC TRANSPORTATION-PUBLIC TRANSPORTATION;NTL-HIGHWAY/ROAD TRANSPORTATION-HIGHWAY/ROAD TRANSPORTATION;NTL-GEOGRAPHIC INFORMATION SYSTEMS-GEOGRAPHIC INFORMATION SYSTEMS;NTL-PLANNING AND POLICY-PLANNING AND POLICY;NTL-PLANNING AND POLICY-Travel Demand;NTL-OPERATIONS AND TRAFFIC CONTROLS-Traffic Flow;NTL-REFERENCES AND DIRECTORIES-Statistics;
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Abstract:Two main objectives of transportation planning are to simulate the current
traffic volume and to forecast the future traffic volume on a transportation
network. Traffic demand modeling typically consists of the following
tasks (1)defining traffic analysis zones (TAZs) based on land-use
characteristics, (2)building the transportation network, (3)collecting traffic
data for calibration, and (4)performing the four-step traffic demand modeling
process of trip generation, trip distribution, mode choice, and trip assignment.
The first two tasks used to be time-consuming because paper maps and aerial
photographs were the primary tools for constructing TAZs and the transportation
network. In recent years, transportation planners have used geographic
information systems (GIS) to perform the tasks. A GIS is a tool capturing,
storing, and analyzing spatial or geo-referenced data. It also has the
additional capability in data integration, such as integration of socioeconomic
and traffic data for traffic demand modeling.
This paper describes our experience of using a GIS to prepare TAZs and the
transportation network for an Idaho statewide traffic demand model. ARC/INFO is
the GIS software package for our pilot study, Latah County. We have used
ARC/INFO to construct TAZs from TIGER files at different spacial scales
and to build the transportation network from different data sources. Using AML
programs, we have run experiments to automatically assign TAZ controids and
centroid connectors, and to measure the effect of centroids and centroid
connectors on traffic demand forecast. Overall, GIS has proved to be an
efficient and effective tool for our study. It should be noted, however, GIS
cannot by itself improve the quality of input data, a critical factor in
transportation planning. This paper describes use of GIS to prepare TAZs and
the transportation network for an Idaho statewide traffic demand model.
Overall, GIS has proved to be an efficient and effective tool. It should be
noted, however, GIS cannot by itself improve the quality of input data, a
critical factor in transportation planning. 10p.
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