Entry and Competition in the United States Transit Bus Manufacturing Industry
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1982-03-01
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Abstract:This report is an analytic paper addressing the trend toward entry into the U.S. transit bus market by new foreign manufacturers. The purpose of this study is to provide an explanation, and outline the implications of why so many companies are interested in entering the U.S. bus manufacturing industry, when there is excess capacity, and the established manufacturers are not prospering. The study is concerned primarily with the industry that builds standard and large-capacity transit buses. Builders of other types of buses are mentioned only in relation to their bus activities. Since 1980, the industry has had two new producers of standard-size buses (Gillig and Neoplan) and two new producers of articulated buses (Crown Coach and M.A.N.) enter the market. The explanation developed for the emerging interest in the U.S. bus manufacturing industry consists of three categories of causes: opportunity, impetus, and contributing factors. Regarding impetus, the explanation developed examined prospect in 3 related bus manufacturing industries: school bus, intercity bus, and international trucks and buses. The report discusses the responses of established manufacturers (GMC and Grumman Flxible) to the new entrants, namely, with new product offerings. The authors state that the competitive direction of the new entrants appear to be planning on expanding their model ranges so as to reduce the risk of specializing too narrowly. In summary, the new entrants have brought articulated and modern utility bus design to the transit bus market. The result is a far more segmented market, with utility and premium, articulated and standard buses available.
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