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NHTSA - Behavioral Safety Research

rosaP Repository & Open Science Access Portal

This collection features publications and reports from the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration's (NHTSA) Behavioral Safety Research program. The program studies highway safety attitudes and behaviors, with a specific focus on the actions of drivers, passengers, pedestrians, and motorcyclists. Resources in this collection help identify and measure the human behaviors most frequently involved in crashes or associated with traffic injuries. Furthermore, these reports document the development and refinement of safety countermeasures designed to deter unsafe practices and promote safe transportation alternatives. For more information, visit the NHTSA Behavioral Research page.

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Showing 741 - 760 of 1438 results
  • Zero Tolerance Laws for Youth Four States Experience
    Zero Tolerance Laws for Youth: Four States’ Experience
    Lacey, John H. ;
    Jones, R. K. (Ralph K.)
    2000-06-01 | PDF
    This report summarizes a study of zero tolerance drinking driving laws for youth in four states. These laws prohibit driving by persons under 21 at a Blood Alcohol Concentration (BAC) over .00, .01 or .02 (depending on the state) in contrast to the levels set for adults at .08 or .10. The states studied were Florida, Maine, Texas and Oregon. Two of ...
  • An Evaluation of the General Deterrent Effect of Vehicle Impoundment on Suspended and Revoked Drivers in California
    An Evaluation of the General Deterrent Effect of Vehicle Impoundment on Suspended and Revoked Drivers in California
    DeYoung, David J. (David Jeffrey), 1954-
    2000-04-01 | PDF
    While license suspension/revocation have been shown to be effective, it is also known that most suspended/revoked (S/R) drivers violate their S/R order and continue to drive, accruing traffic convictions and becoming involved in crashes. In an attempt to strengthen license actions and to better control S/R and unlicensed drivers, California enacted ...
  • Relative Risk of Fatal Crash Involvement by BAC Age and Gender
    Relative Risk of Fatal Crash Involvement by BAC, Age, and Gender
    Zador, Paul ;
    Krawchuk, S. A.
    2000-04-01 | PDF
    The objective of this study was to re-examine and refine estimates for alcohol-related relative risk of driver involvement in fatal crashes by age and gender as a function of blood alcohol concentration (BAC) using recent data. The method of study was logistic regression, which was used to estimate age/sex specific relative risk of fatal crash invo ...
  • A Review of the Literature on the Effects of Low Doses of Alcohol on DrivingRelated Skills
    A Review of the Literature on the Effects of Low Doses of Alcohol on Driving-Related Skills
    Moskowitz, Herbert, 1925- ;
    Florentino, D.
    2000-04-01 | PDF
    A review of the scientific literature regarding the effects of alcohol on driving-related skills was conducted. The review covered 112 articles dated from 1981 to 1997. Results were indexed by blood alcohol concentration (BAC) and behavioral area and entered into a database. Two separate analyses were conducted. The first analysis determined the lo ...
  • Biobehavioral Responses to Drowsy Driving Alarms and Alerting Stimuli
    Biobehavioral Responses to Drowsy Driving Alarms and Alerting Stimuli
    Mallis, Malissa M. ;
    Maislin, Greg
    2000-03-01 | PDF
    This final report examines the pattern of biobehavioral responses to drowsy driving alarms and alerting stimuli. Following a standard overnight express run, commercial heavy-vehicle drivers completed an additional 4 hour run in a heavy-vehicle driving simulator. Previous research had validated the percentage of eyelid closure over the pupil over ti ...
  • Visual Search and Urban City Driving under the Influence of Marijuana and Alcohol
    Visual Search and Urban City Driving under the Influence of Marijuana and Alcohol
    Lamers, C. T. J. ;
    Ramaekers, J. G.
    2000-03-01 | PDF
    The purpose of this study was to empirically determine the separate and combined effects of delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) and alcohol on visual search and actual city driving performance. On separate evenings, 16 subjects were given weight-calibrated doses of THC and alcohol, or placebos for one or both substances as follows: alcohol placebo + ...
  • Aggressive Driving Enforcement Strategies for Implementing Best Practices
    Aggressive Driving Enforcement: Strategies for Implementing Best Practices
    United States. Department of Transportation. National Highway Traffic Safety Administration. Office of Behavioral Safety Research
    2000-03-01 | PDF
    The purpose of this guide is to provide step-by-step assistance to law enforcement personnel to develop an aggressive driving enforcement program. A number of suggestions are provided that will help law enforcement agencies design and implement an effective aggressive driving program.
  • 1998 Motor Vehicle Occupant Safety Survey Volume 1 Methodology Report
    1998 Motor Vehicle Occupant Safety Survey. Volume 1, Methodology Report
    Boyle, John M., 1947- ;
    Sharp, Kevin, M.A.
    2000-03-01 | NHTSA BSR Motor Vehicle Occupant Safety Survey | PDF
    This is the Methodology Report for the 1998 Motor Vehicle Occupant Safety Survey. The survey is conducted on a biennial basis (initiated in 1994), and is administered by telephone to a randomly selected national sample. Two questionnaires are used, each administered to approximately 4,000 respondents aged 16 and older. The survey collects informati ...
  • State of Knowledge of AlcoholImpaired Driving Research on Repeat DWI Offenders
    State of Knowledge of Alcohol-Impaired Driving: Research on Repeat DWI Offenders
    Jones, R. K. (Ralph K.) ;
    Lacey, John H.
    2000-03-01 | PDF
    This study reviews the scientific literature since 1990 relating to drivers who have been convicted more than once of driving while impaired by alcohol (DWI). It covers the role of such drivers in alcohol-related crashes, their characteristics, and the nature and effectiveness of countermeasures designed to reduce their alcohol-crash involvement. T ...
  • 1998 Motor Vehicle Occupant Safety Survey Volume 2 Seat Belt Report
    1998 Motor Vehicle Occupant Safety Survey: Volume 2: Seat Belt Report
    Block, Alan W.
    2000-03-01 | NHTSA BSR Motor Vehicle Occupant Safety Survey | PDF
    The 1998 Motor Vehicle Occupant Safety Survey was the third in a series of biennial national telephone surveys on occupant protection issues conducted for the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (NHTSA). Data collection was conducted by the firm Schulman, Ronca & Bucuvalas, Inc., a national survey research organization. The survey used t ...
  • On DWI Laws in Other Countries
    On DWI Laws in Other Countries
    Stewart, Kathryn
    2000-03-01 | PDF
    Much of the progress that has been made in impaired driving in the last decade or more has been facilitated by lessons learned from other countries. It is therefore both timely and appropriate for the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration to sponsor a systematic effort to gather information about impaired driving laws from countries around ...
  • Evaluation of New Mexicos AntiDWI Efforts
    Evaluation of New Mexico's Anti-DWI Efforts
    Lacey, John H. ;
    Jones, R. K. (Ralph K.)
    2000-02-01 | PDF
    This study is an assessment of the effects of the introduction of omnibus anti-DWI legislation in New Mexico. Several changes to New Mexico's DWI laws were introduced in the later half of 1993 and the beginning of 1994. New Mexico further initiated an extensive statewide DWI checkpoint initiative in December 1993. Though the specific effect of each ...
  • Drinking and Driving in the United States The 1996 National Roadside Survey
    Drinking and Driving in the United States: The 1996 National Roadside Survey
    Voas, Robert B. ;
    Wells, JoAnn
    2000-01-18 | PDF
    Following the same general principles of its two predecessors in 1973 and 1986, the 1996 National Roadside Survey of weekend, nighttime drivers in the 48 contiguous states consisted of interviewing and breath testing over 6,000 noncommercial four-wheel vehicle operators between September and November, 1996. Results indicated that the total number o ...
  • Traffic Safety Facts 1999 Young Drivers
    Traffic Safety Facts 1999: Young Drivers
    United States. National Highway Traffic Safety Administration. National Center for Statistics and Analysis.
    2000-01-01 | NHTSA BSR Traffic Safety Facts | PDF
    There were 187.2 million licensed drivers in the United States in 1999. Young drivers, between 15 and 20 years old, accounted for 6.8% (12.7 million) of the total, a 1.2% decrease from the 12.8 million young drivers in 1989. In 1999, 8,175 15- to 20-year-old drivers were involved in fatal crashes -- a 15% decrease from the 9,671 involved in 1989. D ...
  • Effectiveness of the Ohio Vehicle Action and Administrative License Suspension Laws
    Effectiveness of the Ohio Vehicle Action and Administrative License Suspension Laws
    Voas, Robert B. ;
    Tippetts, A. Scott
    2000-01-01 | PDF
    Author's abstract: This report presents a study of the effectiveness of two laws in the State of Ohio, one of which provided for the impounding and immobilization (with a "club" device) of the vehicles of multiple drunk driving offenders and drivers convicted of driving while suspended, where the suspension resulted from a Driving Under the Influen ...
  • Traffic Safety Facts 1999 Children
    Traffic Safety Facts 1999: Children
    United States. National Highway Traffic Safety Administration. National Center for Statistics and Analysis.
    2000-01-01 | NHTSA BSR Traffic Safety Facts | PDF
    In 1999, there were more than 58 million children under 15 years old in the United States. This age group (0-14 years) made up 21% of the total U.S. resident population in 1999. Motor vehicle crashes are the leading cause of death for children of every age from 6 to 14 years old (based on 1997 figures, which are the latest mortality data currently ...
  • Literature Review on Vehicle Travel Speeds and Pedestrian Injuries
    Literature Review on Vehicle Travel Speeds and Pedestrian Injuries
    Leaf, W. A. ;
    Preusser, David F.
    1999-10-01 | PDF
    The relationship between vehicle travel speeds and resulting pedestrian injury was reviewed in the literature and in existing data sets. Results indicated that higher vehicle speeds are strongly associated with both a greater likelihood of pedestrian crash occurrence and more serious resulting pedestrian injury. It was estimated that only 5% of ped ...
  • Examination of DWI Conviction Rate Procedures
    Examination of DWI Conviction Rate Procedures
    Lacey, John H. ;
    Wiliszowski, Connie H.
    1999-08-01 | PDF
    This report summarizes how Driving While Intoxicated (DWI) conviction rates are calculated. Arrest and conviction data were obtained from ten sites along with information and opinions from local officials on how DWI conviction rates should be calculated. The study looked at data from jurisdictions in California, Colorado, Georgia, Nebraska, New Jer ...
  • Evaluation of a Day Reporting Center for Repeat DWI Offenders
    Evaluation of a Day Reporting Center for Repeat DWI Offenders
    Jones, R. K. (Ralph K.) ;
    Lacey, John H.
    1999-08-01 | PDF
    Describes and evaluates the effectiveness of a Day Reporting Center (DRC) in reducing the driving while intoxicated (DWI) recidivism of repeat DWI offenders. It also examines the effect of the DRC program in reducing the cost of post-conviction sanctioning operations, and in relieving the pressures on jail facilities in carrying out the court-impos ...
  • The Relationship of Alcohol Safety Laws to Drinking Drivers in Fatal Crashes
    The Relationship of Alcohol Safety Laws to Drinking Drivers in Fatal Crashes
    Voas, Robert B. ;
    Tippetts, A. Scott
    1999-08-01 | PDF
    This paper presents an analysis of the relationships between the passage of key alcohol safety laws and the number of drinking drivers in fatal crashes. The study evaluated the impact of three major alcohol safety laws (administrative license revocation laws, .10 illegal per se laws, and .08 illegal per se laws) on the proportion of drinking driver ...
741 - 760 / 1438