A Driving Simulator Evaluation of Red Arrows and Flashing Yellow Arrows in Right-Turn Applications : Establishing the Foundation for Future Research
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2017-11-01
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NTL Classification:NTL-SAFETY AND SECURITY-Human Factors;NTL-SAFETY AND SECURITY-Accidents;
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Abstract:Driver understanding of flashing yellow arrow (FYA) indications for left turns has been studied extensively; however, the use of FYA for right-turn applications is an area that needs to be better understood through evaluations focused on actual driver behavior. Field evaluations, surveys, and driving simulator experiments are some alternatives for studying drivers’ comprehension of and reactions to signal indications such as a right-turn FYA. Among the alternatives, field evaluations have the advantage of providing insight into the behavior of drivers in a real-life environment, and survey based evaluations have the advantage of providing insight into how drivers comprehend a new signal indication. Driving simulators provide an experimental environment for conducting fine-grained safety evaluations. As part of a field-based evaluation, vehicle-pedestrian interactions were documented on sites with and without an FYA indication on the right turn as well as on a site with an FYA indication on the right turn. Documentation of the interactions was achieved using a frame-by-frame analysis of video recordings from the sites. A model explaining the deviation of a driver from an expected right-turn behavior as a result of the presence of a pedestrian was created. The model takes into consideration the position of a pedestrian within the crosswalk as well as the presence of an FYA indication on the right turn. The feasibility of creating the model demonstrates the possibility of assessing the quality of a future driving simulator experiment on the application of FYA for right turns.
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