Computer simulation-based framework for transportation evacuation in major trip generator.
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2009-01-01
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Abstract:Since emergencies including both natural disasters and man-made incidents, are happening more and more
frequently, evacuation, especially transportation evacuation, is becoming a hot research focus in recent years.
Currently, transportation evacuation study focuses on evacuating people and property from large areas and does not
address the problem of transportation evacuation in a small and dense area. This research is intended to identify the
study framework of developing transportation evacuation plans in small and dense areas. Texas Medical Center
(TMC), Houston, Texas, is selected as case study in this thesis. Incidents are assumed based on potential threats.
Traffic information is collected through filed data collections in the TMC area, and evacuation scenarios with
incidents and management improvements are coded and simulated in VISSIM, a microscopic traffic simulation model.
Genetic Algorithm is one of the calibration methods for searching multiple parameters at the same time and is used in
this thesis to calibrate parameters of driving behaviors in VISSIM by using field collected and simulation data. Based
on the simulation results, potential improvements and measurement of effectiveness (MOE) of operations such as
Reversed Lane (RL) and In-bound Shuttle (IS) are analyzed and evaluated. Simulation results show that the
evacuation would be much more efficient if appropriate operational strategies are implemented. Proper management
improvements such as Reversed Lane and In-bound Shuttle could greatly maximize the number of persons/vehicles
evacuated in the area. The selected operational plan can efficiently evacuate all persons in the Texas Medical Center
in suitable simulation scenario under a given incident assumption. The framework of developing transportation
evacuation plan is tested and proven to be effective in the Texas Medical Center. The microscopic simulation based
study process is targeted on small and dense areas and it can be used in any other similar areas. It is recommended that
further work be conducted to form a comprehensive evacuation plan.
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