Guide for Creating and Maintaining 4D Models - Fall 2016
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Guide for Creating and Maintaining 4D Models - Fall 2016

Filetype[PDF-1.59 MB]


  • English
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    • Corporate Creators:
      United States. Federal Highway Administration
    • Contributors:
    • Subject/TRT Terms:
    • Publication/ Report Number:
      FHWA-HIF-17-002
    • Resource Type:
      Brief
    • Geographical Coverage:
      United States
    • Corporate Publisher:
      United States. Federal Highway Administration
    • Abstract:
      Using four-dimensional (4D) models for construction project management is not a new concept. However, 4D models may be used differently in traditional delivery methods, in which there is no contractual relationship between the designer and the contractor, verses how they are used by a design-build team, which works collaboratively to develop the design to support the contractor’s specific means and methods. To create a 4D model, which is done in commercial off-the-shelf (COTS) 4D simulation software such as that shown in Figure 1, each work item in the schedule must be connected to discrete three-dimensional (3D) objects. The process of creating the 4D model in the COTS software is relatively straightforward. However, the person performing these connections must be able to navigate through 3D models and read construction schedules. Many state transportation agencies (STAs) have already established practices for producing designs and schedules that can be incorporated into the process for developing 4D models. A 4D model should be planned in advance of developing both the 3D model and the critical path method (CPM) schedule so that the two can be aligned in detail to the extent necessary to fit the purpose of the model. The level of detail, visual quality, and engineering precision in both the 3D model and the CPM schedule will differ depending on the purpose of the 4D model.
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